TODOS LOS TIEMPOS BÁSICOS del inglés en 10 minutos,LESSON-7

INGLÉS. PRESENT PERFECT (Updated). Inglés para hablantes de español

Memorize Past and Past Particip...

Fiddler on the roof - If I were a rich man (with subtitles)

Si yo ganase la lotería, compraría una casa muy grande.
If I won the lottery, I would buy a very big house.

Si viviéramos más cerca de la costa, iríamos a la playa más a menudo.
If we lived closer to the coast, we would go to the beach more often.

Estas frases de arriba son ejemplos de lo que se llama the second conditional.

El verbo haber es to have y el pasado de have es had por lo tanto:

Si ella hubiera estudiado más, habría aprobado el examen.
If she had studied more, she would have passed the exam.

Si no hubiesen perdido el autobús, habrían llegado a tiempo al concierto.
If they hadn’t missed the bus, they would have arrived at the concert on time.

Estas frases de arriba son ejemplos de lo que se llama the third conditional.

Si hubiera estudiado medicina, ahora sería médico.
If I had studied medicine, I would be a doctor now.

Esta frase de arriba es un ejemplo de lo que se llama a mixed conditional que es una combinación de la 2ª y la 3ª.

Si fuere / fuese o Si estuviera / estuviese

El único verbo en inglés que tiene dos formas distintas del pasado es el verbo to be:
I was          We were
He was      You were
She was    They were
It was

Sin embargo, después de if, para fuera / fuese o estuviera / estuviese se utiliza were y nowas*, por ejemplo:

No lo pondría allí si yo fuera tú.
I wouldn’t put it there if I were you.

Si David estuviese aquí, sabría qué hacer.
If David were here, he would know what to do.

Si fuera/fuese posible.
If it were possible.

*  NOTA: muchos angloparlantes lo dicen mal y se oye cada vez más, por ejemplo,  “If I was…” Debido a eso, está cada vez más aceptado, sin embargo, técnicamente es incorrecto y no suena tan bien como “If I were…”.

Present Perfect Tense
(presente perfecto)

El Present Perfect (presente perfecto) es un tiempo verbal común en inglés. Deberías entenderlo y poder usarlo correctamente.

¿Cómo utilizamos este tiempo verbal?

Aquí, PERFECTO significa "completado, terminado".
El Present Perfect (presente perfecto) es una forma del verbo que muestra que la acción fue completada antes del presente.

No significa que la acción es "perfecta" (o sea, 100%). Significa que la acción está terminada.

Estos son los usos diferentes que tiene este tiempo verbal:

• Acciones que ocurrieron en un momento no especificado antes del presente
• Acciones que terminaron recientemente
• Estados que empezaron en el pasado y siguen existiendo
  Nota: este es un uso más amplio de este tiempo verbal.
  Por lo general se utiliza con estados, no con acciones.

Acciones que ocurrieron en
un momento no especificado antes del presente 

(Los verbos están en negrita)

He has learned how to ride a horse.
(Ha aprendido a montar en caballo.)

He has fixed the light.
(Ha arreglado la lámpara.)

They have called 5 times already.
(Ya han llamado 5 veces.)

She has bought a hat.
(Se ha comprado un sombrero.)

She has grown so much.
(Ha crecido tanto.)

She has become such a good secretary.
(Se ha convertido en una muy buena secretaria.)

He has never done it before.
(No lo ha hecho jamás.)

Acciones que terminaron recientemente

She has broken the vase.
(Ha roto el florero.)

Cuento con el Present Perfect 1
(presente perfecto 1)

¿Quiénes son? ¿Qué han hecho? ¿Qué ha pasado?

Linda has just walked outside with Grandmother. She wears an apron. So far, she has finished cleaning and washing. She has also gathered seeds and crumbs.
(Linda recién ha salido afuera con la Abuela. Está usando un delantal. Hasta ahora ha terminado de limpiar y de lavar. También ha recogido semillas y migajas.)

Now Linda and Grandmother are outside. Linda has just dropped some seeds on the ground to feed the birds. The birds have not come yet.
(Ahora Linda y la Abuela están afuera. Linda ha regado unas semillas en el piso para alimentar a los pájaros. Los pájaros no han venido todavía.)

Recently, Grandmother has moved in with Linda's family. She now enjoys living with them.
(La Abuela se ha mudado recientemente con la familia de Linda. Ahora disfruta de vivir con ellos.)

Grandmother has already sat down on the bench. She also wears an apron. She has just finished cooking.
(La Abuela ya se ha sentado en el banco. Ella también está usando un delantal. Recién ha terminado de cocinar.)

Grandmother and Linda wait for the birds. They have seen birds in the yard before. Grandmother has always liked to watch the birds. Linda has always liked to feed them.
(La Abuela y Linda esperan los pájaros. Han visto pájaros en el jardín antes. A la Abuela siempre le ha gustado mirar los pájaros. A Linda siempre le ha gustado alimentarlos.)

Cuento con el Present Perfect 2
(presente perfecto 2)

¿Quién es? ¿Qué ha hecho? ¿Qué ha pasado?

Recently, it has snowed in Maria's town. In the last week, it has snowed three times. Maria has always loved the snow. She has played in the snow many times before.
(Ha nevado recientemente en el pueblo de María. En la última semana, ha nevado tres veces. A María siempre le ha gustado la nieve. Ha jugado en la nieve muchas veces ya.)

Maria's dog, Sparky, has never played in the snow. This is Sparky's first snow. He has not felt the cold yet.
(El perro de María, Sparky, jamás ha jugado en la nieve. Esta es la primera nevada de Sparky. No ha sentido el frío todavía.)

Maria has just received a new sled for Christmas. She puts on her warm clothes and snow boots. She pulls the sled up the hill. Sparky has run outside with Maria. Sparky has followed Maria up the hill. He feels good!
(María recién ha recibido un nuevo tobogán para la Navidad. Se pone su ropa abrigada y sus botas para la nieve. Arrastra el tobogán a la cima de la colina. Sparky ha salido corriendo con María. Sparky ha seguido a María a la cima de la colina. ¡Se siente bien!)

Maria has finally reached the top. She sits on her sled. She rides down the hill. Sparky runs beside the sled. They have finally reached the bottom. Sparky has followed Maria all the way down the hill. Sparky has decided that he likes the snow too!
(María ha llegado a la cima por fin. Se sienta en su tobogán. Desliza hasta el pie de la colina. Sparky va corriendo al lado del tobogán. Finalmente han llegado al pie de la colina. Sparky ha seguido a María durante todo el camino. ¡Sparky ha decidido que a él también le gusta nieve!

Future Perfect Continuous, with Will, with Be Going To

Future Perfect Continuous

Future Perfect Continuous has two different forms: "will have been doing " and "be going to have been doing." Unlike Simple Futureforms, Future Perfect Continuous forms are usually interchangeable.

FORM Future Perfect Continuous with "Will"

[will have been + present participle]

Examples:

• You will have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.
• Will you have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives?
• You will not have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.

FORM Future Perfect Continuous with "Be Going To"

[am/is/are + going to have been + present participle]

Examples:

• You are going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.
• Are you going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives?
• You are not going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.

NOTE: It is possible to use either "will" or "be going to" to create the Future Perfect Continuous with little or no difference in meaning.

Complete List of Future Perfect Continuous Forms

USE 1 Duration Before Something in the Future

We use the Future Perfect Continuous to show that something will continue up until a particular event or time in the future. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since Friday" are all durations which can be used with the Future Perfect Continuous. Notice that this is related to the Present Perfect Continuous and the Past Perfect Continuous; however, with Future Perfect Continuous, the duration stops at or before a reference point in the future.

Examples:

• They will have been talking for over an hour by the time Thomas arrives.
• She is going to have been working at that company for three years when it finally closes.
• James will have been teaching at the university for more than a year by the time he leaves for Asia.
• How long will you have been studying when you graduate?
• We are going to have been driving for over three days straight when we get to Anchorage.
• A: When you finish your English course, will you have been living in New Zealand for over a year?
  B: No, I will not have been living here that long.

Notice in the examples above that the reference points (marked in italics) are in Simple Present rather thanSimple Future. This is because these future events are in time clauses, and you cannot use future tenses in time clauses.

USE 2 Cause of Something in the Future

Using the Future Perfect Continuous before another action in the future is a good way to show cause and effect.

Examples:

• Jason will be tired when he gets home because he will have been jogging for over an hour.
• Claudia's English will be perfect when she returns to Germany because she is going to have been studying English in the United States for over two years.
• 
  
• Future Continuous vs. Future Perfect Continuous

If you do not include a duration such as "for five minutes," "for two weeks" or "since Friday," many English speakers choose to use the Future Continuous rather than the Future Perfect Continuous. Be careful because this can change the meaning of the sentence. Future Continuous emphasizes interrupted actions, whereas Future Perfect Continuous emphasizes a duration of time before something in the future. Study the examples below to understand the difference.

Examples:

• He will be tired because he will be exercising so hard.
  This sentence emphasizes that he will be tired because he will be exercising at that exact moment in the future.
• He will be tired because he will have been exercising so hard.
  This sentence emphasizes that he will be tired because he will have been exercising for a period of time. It is possible that he will still be exercising at that moment OR that he will just have finished.

REMEMBER No Future in Time Clauses

Like all future forms, the Future Perfect Continuous cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead of Future Perfect Continuous, Present Perfect Continuous is used.

Examples:

• You won't get a promotion until you will have been working here as long as Tim. Not Correct
• You won't get a promotion until you have been working here as long as Tim. Correct

AND REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs

It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Future Perfect Continuous with these verbs, you must use Future Perfect .

Examples:

• Ned will have been having his driver's license for over two years. Not Correct
• Ned will have had his driver's license for over two years. Correct

ADVERB PLACEMENT

The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.

Examples:

• You will only have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives.
• Will you only have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives?

• You are only going to have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives.
• Are you only going to have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE

Examples:

• The famous artist will have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished.Active
• The mural will have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished. Passive

• The famous artist is going to have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished. Active
• The mural is going to have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished. Passive

What are phrasal verbs?

separable verbs: (talk * into)
inseparable verbs: (run into +)
object can be in both positions: (look * up +)

What are phrasal verbs?

1.  A phrasal verb is a verb plus a preposition or adverb which creates a meaning different from the original verb.

Example:
I ran into my teacher at the movies last night. run + into = meet
He ran away when he was 15. run + away = leave home

2. Some phrasal verbs are intransitive. An intransitive verb cannot be followed by an object.

Example:
He suddenly showed up. "show up" cannot take an object

3. Some phrasal verbs are transitive. A transitive verb can be followed by an object.

Example:
I made up the story. "story" is the object of "make up"

4. Some transitive phrasal verbs are separable. The object is placed between the verb and the preposition. In this Phrasal Verb Dictionary, separable phrasal verbs are marked by placing a * between the verb and the preposition / adverb.

Example:
I talked my mother into letting me borrow the car.
She looked the phone number up.

5. Some transitive phrasal verbs are inseparable. The object is placed after the preposition., inseparable phrasal verbs are marked by placing a + after the preposition / adverb.

Example:
I ran into an old friend yesterday.
They are looking into the problem.

6. Some transitive phrasal verbs can take an object in both places. such phrasal verbs are marked with both * and + .

Example:
I looked the number up in the phone book.
I looked up the number in the phone book.

7. WARNING! Although many phrasal verbs can take an object in both places, you must put the object between the verb and the preposition if the object is a pronoun.

Example:
I looked the number up in the phone book.
I looked up the number in the phone book.
I looked it up in the phone book. correct
I looked up it in the phone book. incorrect

Interesting lives

                                Emilia Glista. Malczyce, Poland. Octuber 5th, 2014

My name is Emilia and I live in Poland. That's my homeland. I've been living here since I was born, but I'm sure that in the future I will live abroad. I am 23 years old and am almost graduating with a B.A. in Spanish philology at Philological School of Higher Education in Wroclaw, my favorite city in the whole country. Wroclaw looks very romantic. I like to walk along the wide streets and enjoy the atmosphere.

I decided to study Spanish philology because I love Spanish and Latin American culture. What I like the most is that Latinos are always happy, don't complain about anything and everything around is colorful. In the future I would like to be a Spanish teacher. In my spare time I like to learn languages ​​and to learn something more about other countries' cultures. 

For now I speak two languages, ​​but God willing, I will learn other languages ​​like French, German, Korean, Portuguese, etc. I want to become a polyglot. I also like sports, especially cycling, reading books and watching TV series. My big dream is to travel throughout Latin America. My trip would start by Dominican Republic because it's my favorite country. It has many beautiful places and a very interesting culture, besides people there are very friendly.

Three things I cannot live without: my boyfriend, my laptop and tea.

Verb Complements: verb + -ing or to + verb

Verbs Followed by an Infinitive
Ex: She agreed to speak before the game.

* Agree
* Appear
* Ask
* Attempt
* Be able
* Begin
* Choose
* Continue
* Decide
* Deserve
* Forget
* Get
* Happen
* Have
* Use
* Like
* Love
* Refuse
* Start
* Want

Verbs Followed by a Gerund
Ex: They enjoyed working on the boat.

* Avoid
* Appreciate
* Mind
* Suggest
* Practice
* Imagine
* Excuse
* Miss
* Complete
* Finish
* Get through
* Resume
* Enjoy
* Advise
* Consider

Verbs Followed by a Preposition and a Gerund
Ex: We concentrated on doing well

* Insist on
* Refrain from
* Believe in
* Approve of
* Confess to
* Plan on
* Talk about
* Depend on
* Worry about
* Argue about

Year VS Ear

We can follow this girl for learn more about the grammar and pronunciations.

In the video the girl splain de diferen between Year and Ear.

Passive voice :

Carlos write a book.
A book written by Carlos.

Carmen has done a good job.
A good job has been done by Carmen.

Juan will make dinner tomorrow
Dinner will be made by Juan.

Spielberg directed the movie ET
The movie ET was directed by Spielberg.

My father build this house.
This house was built by my father.

Passive voice

*l will buy the tickets
The tickets will be bought by me

* we have bought the tickets
The tickets have been bought by us

*All of cookies were eaten

*the house was built in 1975

*the room will be cleaned while we are out


         

INTERVIEW

KARINA FRAGOSO

How long have you been living in Santiago de los Caballeros?
I've been living there for my all life. I'd like to live in another town to get a better job.

What kind of music are you listening to currently?
I love a lot Salsa, but I prefer romantic music because lately I'm listening to music while I'm doing my homework. 

What's your favorite way of spending an evening? What do you do?
I enjoy going to my friends house. We usually see horror or science-fiction movies.

What did you do for your last birthday?
I went to Ocean World, Puerto Plata with part of my family. We had a good time there.

What's the nicest thing anyone has ever done for you?
Some months ago I was lost in Santo Domingo. I was so scared and nervous. There was a stranger close to me and he asked me if I needed help. At last, he could carry me to the bus stop. I was so grateful with that man.

Who or what is the greatest love of your life?
Wow, my dog. His name is Loretto. When I get home he licks me and that makes me feel loved.

What were you doing at this time yesterday?
I was chatting with my new friend Roger. He is from Canada. I knew him on the internet. We get along well so far.

So brother, actually people always say or ask which live is more interesting and which is less. I think of everyone has a interesting live and that is good. As you know every person is different and that mean each live is different to. 

Examples. A firefighter consist in rescuing persons. To me it is a admireding work. 

A lawyer works defending people who are in law trouble. 

The world of a cooker is to cook. 

Hello guy, I saw Leonel and Leonela's video and I think of they seem as future Profesional.

This is a video explaining how to use the Present Perfect

Present Perfect

Active Voice VS Passive Voice

This is me on a video talking about active voice and passive voice

movie.
I do not watch so many movies but I saw one inteteresting film, it called WHEN HARRY MET SALY it is an old movie but it is funny.
that movie is base in the polemic situation that men cannot be just friend of women.
it started when SALY arived wiht a friend to carry HARRY because she engaged to carry he on to new york in her car.
the time was passing and they were to get along, so in coclution they joing their life for ever after they were working out fot it.
I  recomend you that movie. if you watched it, you would enjoy it

present perfet vs simple past 
you have to use present perfet for showing an activity  that you started in the past but it does not finish in the present.
 make the present perfet wiht hava or has plus the verb in past partitipio.
example:
 I have done my homework.
he has seen a beautiful girl.
we have gone to the beach.
you have been singing.


simple past
simple past is to showing  an action or an activity that you made in the past and it is finished in the past.
examples:
she was dancing last night.
the dog ate its food.
they visited la vega yesterday.

How to use Present continuous and Present perfect.

Present continuous 

We have to use the subject and the auxiliary to be + Ing.

Sujeto	Auxiliar (to be)	Gerundio
I	am	talking, eating, learning, doing, going…
he, she, it	is	talking, eating, learning, doing, going…
you, we, they	are	talking , eating, learning, doing, going…

Examples:

I am learning.

We are reading.

They are chatting. 

He is singing.

Present perfect

We have to use the Sujet + verb auxiliary (to have) + “been” + ing.

Subject	Auxiliary	Gerund
I, you, we, they	have been	talking, studying, waiting…
he, she, it	has been	talking, studying, waiting…

Examples:

They have been loving.

We have been eating.

She has been writing.

He has been fixing.

Home entertainment

              Transformers 3

           The dark of the moon

 

This movie could be boring for some people, but even if you don't like sciene-fiction movies I'm sure you will  enjoy this awesome film.

Transformers is one of the most famous american movie and was filmed in United States in 2011 by Michael Bay. The main characters are Optimus Prime, Bumblebee, Ironhide, Megatron and Sam ( a human being).

Both of them, Optimus and Megratron, are trying to get "Los Pilares" (The Pillars); this machine will transform our planet in a robotic world but Optimus ( the autobots leader) doesn't allow it.

At the end of the movie, Megatron  was defeated by Optimus and his crowd.

This excellent film is divided in four parts: Transformers (2007), Revenge of the fallen (2009), The dark of the moon  (2011) and Age of extenction (2014). Currently, The dark of the moon is considered the best movie in the whole world.

Present perfect continuous

My name,s karina reyes
I been living in cotui all my life
I have been working in the hospital for 3 years I have one son. I,m single mother l have been very happy. I studied English since 2012

Present perfect continuous

I can’t believe it is still raining. It’s been raining for a week now!

John has been working at the bank since 2003.

We’ve been planning our vacation for over a month.

Amanda and Tom have been dating since last June.

He hasn’t been studying enough.

Have you been feeling ok lately?

I’ve been working too much.

Present perfect continuous

I,ve been writing EMail for 3 hours

I,ve been working in the hospital
 
I,ve been going to a English class

I,ve been visiting my father this week

              Present perfect

I ,ve panted my living room the blue

I,ve waited for every day

I,ve cooked in my house

We ,ve eaten at the restaurant

Present perfect and present continuous :

My name is yslandia Gonzalez Reynoso.
I have been living in cotui for 25 years.I have a
Daughter. I have been working in the school .
I have studied English for 4 years.
I have been eaten sweet beans and rice with candy
A lot,  I like it.!
In Easter I stayed home with my family. I have been
Eating out almost every Friday and Saturday.
I have seen that movie twenty times.
I have met him once before.

Some Sentences Using Perfect Perfect and Present Perfect Continous

  Perfect Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous

According to my researches Present Perfect must be used when: 

1) Actions started in the past and continuing in the present:
We have lived in Sapporo for eleven years.

2) When the time period referred to has not finished:
It has rained a lot this year.

3) Actions repeated in an unspecified period between the past and now:
We have eaten at that restaurant many times.

4) Actions completed in the very recent past (+just):
Have you just finished work?

5) When the precise time of the action is not important or not known:
She has studied Japanese, Russian and English.

Structure:  Subject+ have/has+ P.P.


These are some examples made by my own:
-I can't be late to the date with my girlfriend. I've promised to be on time.
-Bob has failed the Chemistry exam although he studied a lot.
-We have been to Puerto Rico three times this year.
-You have had too much time to finish your essay, however you haven't started it yet.

Perfect Perfect Continuous

This construction is used for ongoing action in the past that continues right up to the present or has recently finished:

1. Professor Atilano has been waiting for IDI-223 students to start the class.
2. Leonela and I have been attending classes to Santo Domingo.
3-We have been studying for the English test.
4-Have you been looking for a job recently?

Structure: Subject+ have/has+ P.P.C

Wishes and imaginary situations.

If I knew French. I would go to France .
If I were president. I would pay better salaries
To the police.
I wish I spoke inglish very well.
I wish I were with my baby.
I wish I had more time with my family.

Wishes and imaginary situation or events


*l wish l were smarter

*l wish l had more free time
* l wish l had more money
* I wish l had a new car
* l wish l had less busy
 *l wish l could run for longer

*l wish my brother didn't drink so much

Media comunication

I think the media comunication can be informative and dangerous at the same time, on tv, radio, newspapers we can find so much violence, for example on the radio we can listen (to hear) doble sence (meanings) songs, in so hopera we can see,women's descriminations, on magazines, we can find pornography.

Every day is getting worse because children have access to the media comunication because of this the childrens are getting violent.
The mayority of commercials help young people and adult consumerism, like music, videos, alchol, drugs etc.

This is my opinion o media comunications.

Hello teacher. I wish that has a good eastern.

Grammar for Wish or Wishes

We have to follow this to know better how to use wishes or wish for future or present.

My Wishes

I wish had a lot of money to help people that do have money for a good life.

I wish started my own multimedia company.

I wish i could través around the world.

My Wishes

If I were a rich, I would do a lot of things.

• I wish I had a big house and a beautiful car, I would like to live with all my families and travel together around the world. 
•  I wish I lived in a country free of corruption and crime,where the cost of living is not as high and have many sources of jobs.
• I wish I had a good social security program when I get old.
• I wish I could finish my study career in the next two years.
• I wish I could help homeless persons.  
  

1. I wish I had more money. If
I earned more, I could have my own
Apartment, and I wouldn't have to  live
With my parents.

2. I wish I didn't have to commute there
Hours a day. If I could find a job closer to
Home, then I wouldn't waste so much time
On the train.

3. I wish I could finish my degree this year.
If I had a degree, then  I could get a job and
I would be able to pay off my students loans.

4. I wish I could do something more exciting
With my life. If I had the chance, I  would work
In another country or something like that.

Wishes and imaginary situations or
Events.

If I were a teacher. I would like to provide
Quality teaching.

I would like to finish my career to have a better
Job.

If I had a lot of money. I would buy
A house.

Wishes and imaginary situation or events

*l wish I had more free time .If had more free time study more

*l wish I had less corruption. If I chaged the situation in Dominican republic.

*l wish had more money .If earned more ,I could have new house

Hello guys. These are some of my wishes.
I wish I had a beautiful and big house.
I wish I could travel to BRASIL.
I wish I were a good English teacher.
I wish I helped a person when he or she needs me.

Good morning everyone. I would like to talk about one of my close friends, his name is JOHN.

JOHN is a guy totally friendly, talkative and helping. we lived in GASPAR HERNANDEZ when we were kinds, now he lives in SANTO DOMINGO and I live in LA VEGA, but we boht keep in toch by chatting.
I do not like break our relationship up because he is special for me. if I could live in the capital, I would move there.


I remember that one day we went a river out without permission from my aunt and when we came bank she punished me.

 as you could notice, we were naughty children toguether.

How do I wish my student life were different?

Well, I study Modern Languages at UASD Bonao. Currently, I have thirty six subjects passed, that is, I'm almost getting my Diploma and I feel happy. So I love what I do. But unfortunately, I have to travel to Santo Domingo to advance my career and it makes me feel stressed.

Nowadays, most of the students have to take classes in another town because some subjects of their careers are not offered in our university.

So I wish I didn't travel to Santo Domingo. If I didn't travel every week I could feel less stress.

It would be great.

Video: How to use the Grammar Relative Clauses

Now i'm going to show they a video about how to use the grammar Relative Clauses that you can see in the book TouchStone 3 page 67.

I hope they enjoy and learn this.

Relative Pronouns

Relative Pronouns

Los pronombres relativos

Pronombre	Persona	Cosa
that que	x	x
which que / cual		x
who que / quién	x
whom que / a quien	x
whose cuyo	x	x