viernes, 27 de mayo de 2016

Present Perfect Tense
(presente perfecto)


El Present Perfect (presente perfecto) es un tiempo verbal común en inglés. Deberías entenderlo y poder usarlo correctamente.

Aquí, PERFECTO significa "completado, terminado".
El Present Perfect (presente perfecto) es una forma del verbo que muestra que la acción fue completada antes del presente.

No significa que la acción es "perfecta" (o sea, 100%). Significa que la acción está terminada.

Estos son los usos diferentes que tiene este tiempo verbal:

Acciones que ocurrieron en
un momento no especificado antes del presente 

(Los verbos están en negrita)


He has learned how to ride a horse.
(Ha aprendido a montar en caballo.)
Un hombre sobre un caballo jugando al polo



He has fixed the light.
(Ha arreglado la lámpara.)
Una lámpara

They have called 5 times already.
(Ya han llamado 5 veces.)
Una operadora de teléfono



She has bought a hat.
(Se ha comprado un sombrero.)
Una mujer con un sombrero

She has grown so much.
(Ha crecido tanto.)
Una colegiala

She has become such a good secretary.
(Se ha convertido en una muy buena secretaria.)
Una linda secretaria

He has never done it before.
(No lo ha hecho jamás.)
Este hombre no sabe esquiar

Acciones que terminaron recientemente



She has broken the vase.
(Ha roto el florero.)
Una mujer al lado de un florero roto



Cuento con el Present Perfect 1
(presente perfecto 1)



¿Quiénes son? ¿Qué han hecho? ¿Qué ha pasado?

Linda has just walked outside with Grandmother. She wears an apron. So far, she has finished cleaning and washing. She has also gathered seeds and crumbs.
(Linda recién ha salido afuera con la Abuela. Está usando un delantal. Hasta ahora ha terminado de limpiar y de lavar. También ha recogido semillas y migajas.)

Now Linda and Grandmother are outside. Linda has just dropped some seeds on the ground to feed the birds. The birds have not come yet.
(Ahora Linda y la Abuela están afuera. Linda ha regado unas semillas en el piso para alimentar a los pájaros. Los pájaros no han venido todavía.)

Recently, Grandmother has moved in with Linda's family. She now enjoys living with them.
(La Abuela se ha mudado recientemente con la familia de Linda. Ahora disfruta de vivir con ellos.)

Grandmother has already sat down on the bench. She also wears an apron. She has just finished cooking.
(La Abuela ya se ha sentado en el banco. Ella también está usando un delantal. Recién ha terminado de cocinar.)

Grandmother and Linda wait for the birds. They have seen birds in the yard before. Grandmother has always liked to watch the birds. Linda has always liked to feed them.
(La Abuela y Linda esperan los pájaros. Han visto pájaros en el jardín antes. A la Abuela siempre le ha gustado mirar los pájaros. A Linda siempre le ha gustado alimentarlos.)

Cuento con el Present Perfect 2
(presente perfecto 2)

Linda

¿Quién es? ¿Qué ha hecho? ¿Qué ha pasado?

Recently, it has snowed in Maria's town. In the last week, it has snowed three times. Maria has always loved the snow. She has played in the snow many times before.
(Ha nevado recientemente en el pueblo de María. En la última semana, ha nevado tres veces. A María siempre le ha gustado la nieve. Ha jugado en la nieve muchas veces ya.)

Maria's dog, Sparky, has never played in the snow. This is Sparky's first snow. He has not felt the cold yet.
(El perro de María, Sparky, jamás ha jugado en la nieve. Esta es la primera nevada de Sparky. No ha sentido el frío todavía.)

Maria has just received a new sled for Christmas. She puts on her warm clothes and snow boots. She pulls the sled up the hill. Sparky has run outside with Maria. Sparky has followed Maria up the hill. He feels good!
(María recién ha recibido un nuevo tobogán para la Navidad. Se pone su ropa abrigada y sus botas para la nieve. Arrastra el tobogán a la cima de la colina. Sparky ha salido corriendo con María. Sparky ha seguido a María a la cima de la colina. ¡Se siente bien!)

Maria has finally reached the top. She sits on her sled. She rides down the hill. Sparky runs beside the sled. They have finally reached the bottom. Sparky has followed Maria all the way down the hill. Sparky has decided that he likes the snow too!
(María ha llegado a la cima por fin. Se sienta en su tobogán. Desliza hasta el pie de la colina. Sparky va corriendo al lado del tobogán. Finalmente han llegado al pie de la colina. Sparky ha seguido a María durante todo el camino. ¡Sparky ha decidido que a él también le gusta nieve!

Future Perfect Continuous, with Will, with Be Going To

Future Perfect Continuous

FORM Future Perfect Continuous with "Will"

[will have been + present participle]
Examples:
  • You will have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.
  • Will you have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives?
  • You will not have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.

FORM Future Perfect Continuous with "Be Going To"

[am/is/are + going to have been + present participle]
Examples:
  • You are going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.
  • Are you going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives?
  • You are not going to have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane finally arrives.
NOTE: It is possible to use either "will" or "be going to" to create the Future Perfect Continuous with little or no difference in meaning.
Complete List of Future Perfect Continuous Forms

USE 1 Duration Before Something in the Future

We use the Future Perfect Continuous to show that something will continue up until a particular event or time in the future. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since Friday" are all durations which can be used with the Future Perfect Continuous. Notice that this is related to the Present Perfect Continuous and the Past Perfect Continuous; however, with Future Perfect Continuous, the duration stops at or before a reference point in the future.
Examples:
  • They will have been talking for over an hour by the time Thomas arrives.
  • She is going to have been working at that company for three years when it finally closes.
  • James will have been teaching at the university for more than a year by the time he leaves for Asia.
  • How long will you have been studying when you graduate?
  • We are going to have been driving for over three days straight when we get to Anchorage.
  • A: When you finish your English course, will you have been living in New Zealand for over a year?
    B: No, I will not have been living here that long.
Notice in the examples above that the reference points (marked in italics) are in Simple Present rather thanSimple Future. This is because these future events are in time clauses, and you cannot use future tenses in time clauses.

USE 2 Cause of Something in the Future

Using the Future Perfect Continuous before another action in the future is a good way to show cause and effect.
Examples:
  • Jason will be tired when he gets home because he will have been jogging for over an hour.
  • Claudia's English will be perfect when she returns to Germany because she is going to have been studying English in the United States for over two years.

  • Future Continuous vs. Future Perfect Continuous
If you do not include a duration such as "for five minutes," "for two weeks" or "since Friday," many English speakers choose to use the Future Continuous rather than the Future Perfect Continuous. Be careful because this can change the meaning of the sentence. Future Continuous emphasizes interrupted actions, whereas Future Perfect Continuous emphasizes a duration of time before something in the future. Study the examples below to understand the difference.
Examples:
  • He will be tired because he will be exercising so hard.
    This sentence emphasizes that he will be tired because he will be exercising at that exact moment in the future.
  • He will be tired because he will have been exercising so hard.
    This sentence emphasizes that he will be tired because he will have been exercising for a period of time. It is possible that he will still be exercising at that moment OR that he will just have finished.

REMEMBER No Future in Time Clauses

Like all future forms, the Future Perfect Continuous cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead of Future Perfect Continuous, Present Perfect Continuous is used.
Examples:
  • You won't get a promotion until you will have been working here as long as Tim. Not Correct
  • You won't get a promotion until you have been working here as long as Tim. Correct

AND REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs

It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings for Mixed Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Future Perfect Continuous with these verbs, you must use Future Perfect .
Examples:
  • Ned will have been having his driver's license for over two years. Not Correct
  • Ned will have had his driver's license for over two years. Correct

ADVERB PLACEMENT

The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
  • You will only have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives.
  • Will you only have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives?
  • You are only going to have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives.
  • Are you only going to have been waiting for a few minutes when her plane arrives?

ACTIVE / PASSIVE

Examples:
  • The famous artist will have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished.Active
  • The mural will have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished. Passive
  • The famous artist is going to have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished. Active
  • The mural is going to have been being painted by the famous artist for over six months by the time it is finished. Passive

domingo, 22 de mayo de 2016

What are phrasal verbs?

separable verbs: (talk * into)
inseparable verbs: (run into +)
object can be in both positions: (look * up +)
What are phrasal verbs?
1.  A phrasal verb is a verb plus a preposition or adverb which creates a meaning different from the original verb.
Example:
ran into my teacher at the movies last night. run + into = meet
He ran away when he was 15. run + away = leave home
2. Some phrasal verbs are intransitive. An intransitive verb cannot be followed by an object.
Example:
He suddenly showed up"show up" cannot take an object
3. Some phrasal verbs are transitive. A transitive verb can be followed by an object.
Example:
made up the story. "story" is the object of "make up"
4. Some transitive phrasal verbs are separable. The object is placed between the verb and the preposition. In this Phrasal Verb Dictionary, separable phrasal verbs are marked by placing a * between the verb and the preposition / adverb.
Example:
talked my mother into letting me borrow the car.
She looked the phone number up.
5. Some transitive phrasal verbs are inseparable. The object is placed after the preposition., inseparable phrasal verbs are marked by placing a + after the preposition / adverb.
Example:
ran into an old friend yesterday.
They are looking into the problem.
6. Some transitive phrasal verbs can take an object in both places. such phrasal verbs are marked with both * and + .
Example:
looked the number up in the phone book.
looked up the number in the phone book.
7. WARNING! Although many phrasal verbs can take an object in both places, you must put the object between the verb and the preposition if the object is a pronoun.
Example:
looked the number up in the phone book.
looked up the number in the phone book.
looked it up in the phone book. correct
looked up it in the phone book. incorrect


sábado, 14 de mayo de 2016

Interesting lives



                                Emilia Glista. Malczyce, Poland. Octuber 5th, 2014


My name is Emilia and I live in Poland. That's my homeland. I've been living here since I was born, but I'm sure that in the future I will live abroad. I am 23 years old and am almost graduating with a B.A. in Spanish philology at Philological School of Higher Education in Wroclaw, my favorite city in the whole country. Wroclaw looks very romantic. I like to walk along the wide streets and enjoy the atmosphere.

I decided to study Spanish philology because I love Spanish and Latin American culture. What I like the most is that Latinos are always happy, don't complain about anything and everything around is colorful. In the future I would like to be a Spanish teacher. In my spare time I like to learn languages ​​and to learn something more about other countries' cultures. 

For now I speak two languages, ​​but God willing, I will learn other languages ​​like French, German, Korean, Portuguese, etc. I want to become a polyglot. I also like sports, especially cycling, reading books and watching TV series. My big dream is to travel throughout Latin America. My trip would start by Dominican Republic because it's my favorite country. It has many beautiful places and a very interesting culture, besides people there are very friendly.


Three things I cannot live without: my boyfriend, my laptop and tea.


jueves, 12 de mayo de 2016

Verb Complements: verb + -ing or to + verb

Verbs Followed by an Infinitive
Ex: She agreed to speak before the game.

* Agree
* Appear
* Ask
* Attempt
* Be able
* Begin
* Choose
* Continue
* Decide
* Deserve
* Forget
* Get
* Happen
* Have
* Use
* Like
* Love
* Refuse
* Start
* Want

Verbs Followed by a Gerund
Ex: They enjoyed working on the boat.

* Avoid
* Appreciate
* Mind
* Suggest
* Practice
* Imagine
* Excuse
* Miss
* Complete
* Finish
* Get through
* Resume
* Enjoy
* Advise
* Consider

Verbs Followed by a Preposition and a Gerund
Ex: We concentrated on doing well

* Insist on
* Refrain from
* Believe in
* Approve of
* Confess to
* Plan on
* Talk about
* Depend on
* Worry about
* Argue about

viernes, 6 de mayo de 2016

Year VS Ear

We can follow this girl for learn more about the grammar and pronunciations.

In the video the girl splain de diferen between Year and Ear.

miércoles, 4 de mayo de 2016

Passive voice :

Carlos write a book.
A book written by Carlos.

Carmen has done a good job.
A good job has been done by Carmen.

Juan will make dinner tomorrow
Dinner will be made by Juan.

Spielberg directed the movie ET
The movie ET was directed by Spielberg.

My father build this house.
This house was built by my father.
Passive voice

*l will buy the tickets
The tickets will be bought by me

* we have bought the tickets
The tickets have been bought by us

*All of cookies were eaten

*the house was built in 1975

*the room will be cleaned while we are out


         

martes, 3 de mayo de 2016

INTERVIEW

KARINA FRAGOSO

How long have you been living in Santiago de los Caballeros?
I've been living there for my all life. I'd like to live in another town to get a better job.

What kind of music are you listening to currently?
I love a lot Salsa, but I prefer romantic music because lately I'm listening to music while I'm doing my homework. 

What's your favorite way of spending an evening? What do you do?
I enjoy going to my friends house. We usually see horror or science-fiction movies.

What did you do for your last birthday?
I went to Ocean World, Puerto Plata with part of my family. We had a good time there.

What's the nicest thing anyone has ever done for you?
Some months ago I was lost in Santo Domingo. I was so scared and nervous. There was a stranger close to me and he asked me if I needed help. At last, he could carry me to the bus stop. I was so grateful with that man.

Who or what is the greatest love of your life?
Wow, my dog. His name is Loretto. When I get home he licks me and that makes me feel loved.

What were you doing at this time yesterday?
I was chatting with my new friend Roger. He is from Canada. I knew him on the internet. We get along well so far.

lunes, 2 de mayo de 2016

So brother, actually people always say or ask which live is more interesting and which is less. I think of everyone has a interesting live and that is good. As you know every person is different and that mean each live is different to. 
Examples. A firefighter consist in rescuing persons. To me it is a admireding work. 
A lawyer works defending people who are in law trouble. 
The world of a cooker is to cook. 
Hello guy, I saw Leonel and Leonela's video and I think of they seem as future Profesional.